Construction Technology of Long Distance Pipeline Automatic All Position Welding

With the increasing demand for energy in economic development, a new round of pipeline construction boom has been carried out around the world. In order to meet the requirements of long distance and large volume, oil and gas pipelines have gradually developed towards large caliber and long distance. China has a vast territory, uneven distribution of energy, and most of the economically developed areas with a large demand for energy are extremely low in their own energy reserves, and the topography of our country is complex, which makes the layout of oil and gas pipelines in our country particularly high requirements. In order to adapt to the characteristics of oil and gas transmission in our country, the transmission pipeline requires not only a large caliber, long distance, but also complex layout, the thickness of pipe wall and material strength are very high, which makes the construction of great difficulty. Especially for long-distance pipelines, welding is one of the key processes, and the quality of welding is directly related to the safety and efficiency of the pipeline in the future. For the high requirements of domestic long-distance pipeline, the traditional manual welding method has been difficult to adapt to the urgent need to find a better quality and efficient welding process to adapt to the development of The Times, so the long-distance pipeline all-position automatic welding technology came into being.

1. The concept of all-position automatic welding technology for long-distance pipeline

All-position automatic welding technology is a relatively advanced pipeline construction technology developed in recent years, and has been applied all over the world. The technical feature of this process is that the pipe is fixed and the welding trolley drives the welding gun along the track of the pipe wall, so as to realize the automatic welding of the pipe in all positions. The basic devices to realize this process include welding trolley, walking track and automatic control system. The protective gas is generally carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and argon. In order to ensure welding quality, parameters such as wire feed speed, swing frequency and welding speed can be modified to make each welding machine and welding process parameters consistent.

2. The advantages of all-position automatic welding technology mainly include the following aspects:

(1) High work efficiency. Compared with the traditional manual welding technology, the all-position automatic welding technology realizes the continuous feeding of the welding wire, accelerates the melting speed of the welding wire, avoids the waste of time when the welder changes the bar, and the debris cleaning between the layers is more convenient, and its efficiency is greatly improved.

(2) Better welding quality. Due to the dual protection of cartridge and inert gas in welding, the welding pass molding is better, and various artificial defects are less, and after the realization of automatic welding, the welding quality is no longer limited by the level of welding workers, and the welding quality is better, especially for large diameter and large wall thickness pipelines, which is more obvious than the technical advantages of manual welding.

(3) greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers. As we all know, welding is a labor intensity, poor working environment, laborious work, and automatic welding technology because of the realization of the mechanization of welding, so the labor intensity of workers is greatly reduced, and in the welding process, automatic welding technology welding is more stable, less splash phenomenon, less smoke, less smoke. This also improves the working conditions of workers.

3. Application status of all-position automatic welding technology for long-distance pipeline

China's formal application of fully automatic welding technology to long-haul pipelines was in May 2001 on the west-east gas transmission project. The western part of China is cold in winter, hot in summer, and the temperature difference between day and night is also large, and most of them are Gobi and desert. The northwest region has high altitude and low pressure; In the central region, the mountains are steep and the terrain is undulating. The high temperature, rainy and humid in the southern region greatly improve the difficulty of the west-east gas transmission project. In view of the high standard technical requirements of the west-east gas transmission project, the professional research institute of China's petroleum industry and the China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau jointly conducted an in-depth study on the layout technology of large-caliber, large-wall thickness and high-strength pipelines, proposed the all-position welding technology, and carried out detailed research and testing on the construction technology and process performance of the technology. It has laid a solid technical foundation for China's west-east gas transmission project.

In recent years, China's long-distance pipeline welding technology through the introduction, absorption and innovation, has made a lot of achievements. Especially in the west-east gas transmission first line, second line, Shaanxi-Beijing third line and other key projects after the practical research, our country has its own relatively mature technology. For example, the WQ-III pipeline all-position automatic welding machine has completed a total of more than 100 kilometers of welding tasks in Daqing, Liaohe and other oil construction units, and the passing rate of welding has reached 98%.

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